MTOR and nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma: Of note, several of these treatments target pathways conserved from humans to Drosophila. Similar to ccRCC, mTOR inhibition with rapamycin, and derivatives everolimus and sirolimus, was found to reduce ADPKD cysts in patient and several models, including Drosophila [102,104,166,247,248,249,250].