Notably, another study by Bramante S. et al. evaluated the effects of 5/3 chimeric oncolytic adenovirus coding for GM-CSF with low dose cyclophosphamide in in vitro and in vivo melanoma models [88] revealing a promising outcome following treatment with the oncolytic virus, thus advocating the need for more studies exploring the use of oncolytic viral therapy able to support the future design of clinical trials and to enhance the efficacy of cancer treatment, including melanoma. This evidence concerns the gene CSF2 and melanoma.