Lastly, MDSCs can be generated and activated ex vivo by the addition of GM-CSF, G-CSF, IL-6, and IL-10 to bone marrow precursors obtained from healthy individuals and detailed functional and phenotypic characterization revealed these bone marrow-derived MDSCs (BM-MDSCs) to be similar to the MDSCs present in different cancer patients [19,20]. This evidence concerns the gene CSF2 and cancer.