NFKB1 and Alzheimer disease: It has also been reported that GJ improves AD-like lesions by increasing the expression of skin barrier proteins and inhibiting Th2 inflammatory responses [76], and its main component (crocin) also exerts anti-inflammatory effects by suppressing IgE levels, thereby reducing the infiltration of immune cells, suppressing cytokine release and the activation of NF-κB to improve AD symptoms [12].