TNF and periodontitis: In obese subjects with periodontitis, pro-inflammatory cytokines (Interleukin-1β (Il-1β), Interleukin-6 (Il-6), Tumor Necrosis Factor α (TNF-α)) were found in greater quantities in the blood and also in the crevicular gingival fluid compared to normo-weighted subjects with periodontitis [35,36].