CHEK2 and Familial prostate cancer: Additionally, ATM heterozygous pathogenic variants have also been described in some cases of familial ovarian [11], pancreatic [12], and prostate cancer [13], whereas pathogenic CHEK2 variants were also associated to an increased risk of other malignancies including colon, prostate, kidney, bladder and thyroid cancers, according to specific mutations (frameshift or missense substitutions) [14].