Signaling experiments have shown a significant deficiency in endothelin (EDN)-1 (10 nm)-induced phosphorylation of Raf-1, MEK, ERK, MITF, and cyclic AMP responsive element-binding protein (CREB) after 15 min from EDN1 treatment in WS extract (10 μg/mL) treated human melanoma cells in culture. The gene discussed is EDN1; the disease is melanoma.