We previously reported that anthocyanin-enriched polyphenols from the petals of the H. syriacus L. (Malvaceae, AHs) potently inhibited melanogenesis in B16F10 melanoma cells and zebrafish larvae [15], and attenuated lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation and endotoxic shock by inhibiting Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/myeloid differentiation factor 2 (MD2)-mediated nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway [16]. Here, TLR4 is linked to melanoma.