Targeting of TGF-β2 signaling through inhibition of TGF-β mRNA translation by using the antisense oligonucleotides trabedersen, injected in the resection cavity, was tested in GBM in a Phase IIb (NCT00431561) but the first results did not show statistically significant differences among the three arms: trabedersen at doses of 10 or 80 mM or standard chemotherapy (TMZ or procarbazine/lomustine/vincristine) [256]. Here, TGFB1 is linked to glioblastoma.