Indirect evidence that apoC-III may be causally related to the development of diabetes was obtained from a small randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial of patients with T2D in which treatment with an apoC-III antisense oligonucleotide that reduced plasma apoC-III levels by 88% increased HDL-C levels and improved insulin sensitivity [95]. This evidence concerns the gene APOC3 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.