Very intriguingly, recent studies show that S100A4 is one of the 88 up-regulated genes of the pan-neurodegenerative signature resulting from the meta-analysis of human CNS transcriptomic datasets from 2,600 AD, Lewy body disease and ALS-frontotemporal dementia patients and age-matched controls, suggesting that S100A4 represents a common signature driving neurodegeneration [67,68]. The gene discussed is S100A4; the disease is frontotemporal dementia.