In cellular models of neurodegeneration employing primary and immortalized dopaminergic neurons, S100A4 and its mimetic peptides exerted neuroprotective effects relying on ERBB4 expression and its partners ERBB2/AKT, suggesting their potential use as neuroprotectants in neurodegenerative diseases such as PD [55]. Here, S100A4 is linked to neurodegenerative disease.