INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Similarly, another crossover study in patients with T2D in the U.S. [46] (n = 16, mean age = 57.7 years) showed lower iAUC for PP glucose, incremental glucose peaks, and PP insulin excursion and higher GLP-1 excursion in a carbohydrate-last meal pattern compared to a carbohydrate first pattern.