Given the marked negative prognostic value of tumor cell derived PD-L1 shown here and the promising effects of TIGIT/CD155 complement therapy demonstrated in other tumors, this study further substantiates the need for prospective testing of (combined) PD-L1- and TIGIT/CD155 inhibition in GBC and suggests to particular address patients with a high TPS. Here, PVR is linked to neoplasm.