The OAK and POPLAR clinical trials showed that mutations in the kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1) and nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor-2 (NFE2L2) genes were associated with poorer OS and PFS (OS: HR = 1.7, p < 0.001; PFS: HR = 1.4, p < 0.001) in NSCLC patients receiving immunotherapy [48]. This evidence concerns the gene NFE2L2 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.