More evidence of antitumorigenic effects of TNF comes from a study involving athymic NCr-nu/nu nude mice inoculated subcutaneously with UV-induced skin cancer 1591-RE cells engineered to secrete hTNF and characterized by reduced tumor growth in comparison with non-transfected control cancer cells [27], suggesting an antitumor activity of TNF in vivo in the absence of T cells. Here, TNF is linked to skin neoplasm.