Although hypoxia may lead to progressive disturbance in brain metabolism, causing subsequent cognitive impairments, it might also induce the synthesis of catecholamines and neurotrophins such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) or vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) as well as accelerate CBF, positively affecting neurogenesis and brain vascularization [22,30,36]. This evidence concerns the gene BDNF and Cognitive impairment.