PTEN and lip and oral cavity carcinoma: For example, downregulation of miR-9, miR-542-3p, and miR-34a, and significant upregulation of miR-21 were shown in CD44-positive CSCs with increased IL-6 and IL-8 expressions via targeting of the CD44v6/NANOG/phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) axis in oral cancer [235].