VEGFA and breast cancer: In addition to the adipokines mentioned above, there are multiple growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines produced by CAAs [110], which are implicated in a vicious cycle between adipocytes and BC cells in the TME, inducing proliferation and metastasis, such as visfatin and resistin [111], CCL2 and CCL5, insulin-growth factor 1 (IGF-1) [112], hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2 (IGFBP-2) [113], TGFβ, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), TNFα, as well as granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) [114].