In a recent RCT of 477 HBV-HCC patients receiving curative tumor treatment, patients who received co-administration of ETV plus Peg-IFN-α2a for 1 year and a reduction in HBsAg by >1500 IU/mL at week 48 had significantly lower recurrence and mortality rate than those who had additional IFN therapy after 1 year of Nuc treatment, underwent Nuc monotherapy, or were in the non-antiviral treated group [46]. This evidence concerns the gene IFNA1 and hepatocellular carcinoma.