Specifically, we describe the involvement of C5a and C5a receptor 1 (C5aR1) signalling in several peripheral neuropathies, such as Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP), familial amyloid polyneuropathy (FAP), and chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). Here, C5 is linked to chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy.