Subsequently, FN3K treatment induced significant and ongoing decreases of AF values after 1 h (AF value 0.017 ± 0.0077, −22.7%, p = 0.0021), 2 h (AF value 0.013 ± 0.0069, −40.9%, p = 0.0002) and 3 h (AF value 0.0086 ± 0.0046, −60.9%, p = 0.0002) compared to the levels obtained after glycolaldehyde modification. Here, FN3K is linked to atrial fibrillation.