GSK3B and Insulin resistance: As expected, SHSY-5Y pretreated with IPA were unable to respond to the insulin pulse, as revealed by the unchanged levels of pSer473Akt/Akt (Figure 7A,C; n.s. IPA vs. IPA Ins) and pSer9GSK3β/GSK3β (Figure 7A,D; n.s. IPA vs. IPA Ins), confirming the occurrence of insulin resistance, as previously observed [14].