While downregulation of A3G by Vif within the cell is very efficient (see above), A3G can still be found in viral particles during wild-type HIV-1 infection, even though to a lesser extent than in ∆vif viruses (4-11 A3G/∆vif(−) virion versus < 1 A3G/wild-type virion) [115,126,127,128,129]; thus, only a few A3G molecules are sufficient to potently inhibit HIV-1 replication. This evidence concerns the gene APOBEC3G and HIV-1 infection.