While several recent articles excellently review the functional basics of signaling pathways [30], kinases in general [31], as well as STAT3- [32], and NFκB- [33] pathways in MM pathogenesis, we here focus on novel therapeutic strategies that specifically target the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK- and the PI3K/AKT-pathways and PIM-kinase as well as selected downstream transcription factors. This evidence concerns the gene RAF1 and Miyoshi myopathy.