One intriguing report that may be of relevance to the gastrointestinal pathology of MNGIE is the p53-induced expression of miR-34 leading to the repression of c-kit expression in colorectal cancer cells via a conserved seed-matching sequence in the c-Kit 3′-UTR [61]. The gene discussed is TP53; the disease is mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalomyopathy.