In our approach, multiplexed immunofluorescence was used to visualize TBs, general and cytotoxic T-cells, M1, M2, and total macrophages, and their co-expression of immune checkpoint ligand PD-L1, in order to quantify their numbers and densities, as well as their pairwise spatial distributions across defined areas (tumour core, invasive frontin and frontout) within a WSI. Here, CD274 is linked to Townes-Brocks syndrome.