Moreover, it was previously observed in monocytes from women with pregnancy-associated malaria (PAM) that the increased expression of HO-1 mRNA expression levels were correlated with a low Plasmodium falciparum density and high infant birth weight, demonstrating the protective role of HO-1 enzyme against the malaria during pregnancy (Aubouy et al., 2015). The gene discussed is HMOX1; the disease is malaria.