(Yamabe et al., 2007a; Yamabe et al., 2007b) found that the iridoid glycosides and low molecular weight polyphenols extracted form C. officinalis could reduce the urine protein and serum creatinine (Scr) levels of STZ-induced DM rats by decreasing the levels of AGEs, RAGE, nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) in the kidney tissue. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and diabetes mellitus.