肺癌是世界上最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,也是全球癌症相关死亡的最常见原因,每年有超过一百万人死于肺癌[1]。根据组织学类型不同,肺癌分为两个主要亚型:非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC)和小细胞肺癌(small cell lung cancer, SCLC)分别占所有病例的85%和15%[2]。肺腺癌是最常见的NSCLC,近年来,表皮生长因子受体酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors, EGFR-TKIs),显著改善EGFR阳性突变的肺腺癌患者的无进展生存期(progression-free survival, PFS)和总生存期(overall survival, OS)[3]。. The gene discussed is EGFR; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.