P2RX7 and Alzheimer disease: Activation of P2X7 receptors was shown to inhibit the activity of α-secretase through activating glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3), leading to Aβ deposition in mice.185 However, opposite findings have been also reported demonstrating that P2X7 receptors activate α-secretase via modulation of MAPK pathway to produce sAPP.186 These contradictory results indicate that the role of P2X7 receptors in AD is yet to be characterised.