To further study the function and protein-protein correlation of these five genes, GSEA and co-expression analysis were performed with data from METABRIC.[24,26] The results of GSEA showed that the 5 genes were mainly enriched in immune-related and breast cancer-related signaling pathways, such as T and B cell receptor signaling pathways, natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity, MAPK, ERBB, WNT, VEGF signaling pathway, and others (Fig. 5A-B and Table 4). This evidence concerns the gene VEGFA and breast carcinoma.