In fact, a study by Martin et al, hinted that the common pathophysiology underlying the nervous system effects of DPN may be associated with microangiopathy.[26] Furthermore, there is growing evidence that apelin could eliminate reactive oxygen species (ROS).[15,27–31] An excess in ROS production is related to hyperglycemia, leading to oxidative stress on DPN, which could increase apelin levels, thus preventing further deterioration of DPN. The gene discussed is APLN; the disease is Hyperglycemia.