IL17A and inflammatory bowel disease: Interleukin-17 (IL-17) is produced by T helper (Th)-17 cells and has been reported to trigger tissue inflammation and damage in various chronic diseases (Liu et al., 2016), including hepatic inflammation and liver cirrhosis (Rong et al., 2009), inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple sclerosis (Axtell et al., 2010).