,31 Instead, studies have suggested that improving angiogenesis may be an effective approach,5,7 We hypothesized that by modulating VEGF signaling through targeting of Flt-1 and promoting angiogenesis at the initial signaling step of VEGF binding, subsequent events in DMD pathophysiology can be diminished without the overt toxicities encountered with VEGF supplementation therapy. Here, FLT1 is linked to Duchenne muscular dystrophy.