MRTFA and colitis: Second, the finding that MKL1 relies on NF-κB to regulate miR-155 transcription reinforces the notion that MKL1 and NF-κB are functionally interconnected given previous investigations linking these two factors in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis (Fang et al., 2011), colitis (Yu et al., 2014), and septic shock (Yu et al., 2017), However, the precise role of NF-κB in the pathogenesis of cardiac hypertrophy has not been conclusively demonstrated especially in animal models likely due to the isoform-specific effects of NF-κB (Gordon et al., 2011).