KRAS and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Previous studies of lung cancer primarily aimed to identify driver genes somatically and have revealed a number of oncogenic driver mutations especially in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), consisting of alterations in EGFR, Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS), and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) etc. (12, 13).