PTGS2 and hyperuricemia: Therefore, active ingredients such as luteolin, eupatilin, 6-hydroxyluteolin, hispidulin, and baicalein act through targets such as PTGS2, AKT1, IGF1R, TNF, KDR, PYGL, MAPK3, and MAPK1 to jointly regulate signaling pathways such as PI3K/AKT, TNF, VEGF, AMPK, insulin resistance, and glucagon pathways to achieve hyperuricemia treatment efficacy.