In the bronchoalveolar compartment, the phenotypic heterogeneity of MAIT cells was maintained during HIV infection with the proportion of MAIT cells with the typical CD161+CD26+ phenotype being reduced from a median of 64.95% (39.0 – 77.88%) to 37.63% (15.68 – 52.7%) (P = 0.0176) and the frequencies of the atypical phenotypes non-significantly increased (Figure 3D). Here, DPP4 is linked to HIV infectious disease.