P2RY12 and Alzheimer disease: To understand whether a microglial phenotypic switch from M0 (homeostatic) to MGnD (neurodegenerative) is related to neuritic dystrophy in AD, Krasemann et al. (2017) used P2ry12 and Clec7a monoclonal antibodies to distinguish M0 and MGnD microglia in brains from APP-PS1 mice and humans with AD (Krasemann et al., 2017).