Altogether, these data suggested that miR-146a limits tumorigenic IL-17R signaling in IECs by three interlinked mechanisms: (1) preventing NF-κB and p38 MAPK pathways by targeting TRAF6; (2) limiting PGE2 levels by targeting IL-17R-TRAF6-mediated induction of Cox-2; and (3) directly targeting PTGES2, an enzyme that converts PGH2 to PGE248, to confer protection against CRC (Fig. 4z). This evidence concerns the gene PTGS2 and colorectal carcinoma.