Unloaded EVs derived from HEK293 were largely immune silent and did not activate IFN-β production in vitro (Supplementary Fig. 3a) or modulate the transcriptome in vivo (Fig. 5 and Supplementary Fig. 6a) and did not control tumor growth (Fig. 1d) making it an ideal vehicle for drug delivery. The gene discussed is IFNB1; the disease is neoplasm.