These findings suggest that heterodimers of EGFR/HER3 and HER2/HER3 promote HER3 phosphorylation, and the consequent activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR activity by the assembly of HER3-PI3K molecular complexes, thus representing a key signaling hub in HNSCC (scheme in Fig. 2e). The gene discussed is ERBB2; the disease is head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.