CLDN4 and ischemia: There were no statistical differences in cytoplasmic claudin-4 when comparing LA-treated tissues to untreated ischemia-injured tissues after recovery (Fig 4B, Claudin-4/β-actin densitometry ratio of 0.75 ± 0.05 in LA-treated tissues vs. 0.81 ± 0.06 in untreated ischemia-injured tissues, NS).