The effects identified in the present study are directionally consistent with a recent MR analysis of 1,615 combined head and neck cancer cases from UK Biobank, which also found that a 1 SD unit increase in LDL-C proxied by PCSK9 and LDLR was associated with a reduction (OR 0.7 95%CI 0.4, 1.4, p = 0.35) and increase in odds (OR 1.6 95%CI 1.0, 2.4, p = 0.05) of head and neck cancer, respectively [29]. Here, PCSK9 is linked to head and neck cancer.