Considering our earlier finding that PD-L1 deficiency strongly inhibited the anchorage-independent growth of MDA-MB-231 cells (Figure 1D), current results suggest that PD-L1 depletion may impair the survival of circulating tumor cells in bloodstream, in addition to blocking cell migration (Figure 1E) that mainly impairs the local invasion of PD-L1–null tumors. Here, CD274 is linked to neoplasm.