Of the eleven cell lines that responded to BMP4, eight were significantly inhibited by netrin-1, including the MEF line, the ovarian cancer cell line Ovcar-3, the malignant melanoma cell line A375, the breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-415, the human embryonic kidney cell line HEK293, the glioblastoma cell lines TB101 and TB107, and the colorectal cancer cell line HCT116 (Fig. 2). Here, BMP4 is linked to colorectal cancer.