FZD1 and infection: There are likely multiple pathways activated that result in attachment and entry of E. chaffeensis It is also possible innate Wnt ligand-Fzd receptor signaling can modulate infection, which may explain why infection is significantly reduced when Fzd1, 2, 3, and 8 are silenced even though E. chaffeensis does not appear to strongly colocalize with those receptors during entry into the host cell.