CCN2 and diabetic kidney disease: In addition, some Chinese herbal active ingredient extracts, such as 2,3,5,4′-tetrahydroxysti-2-O-β-D-glucoside (TSG) and esculetin, have been found to attenuates alteration in CTGF and MMP-13 gene expression by reducing changes in the acetylation and methylation of histone 3, thus ameliorate renal fibrosis in DKD [88, 89].