MAPT and Alzheimer disease: Alzheimer’s disease-affected brains are invaded by senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, the main components of which consist in a set of hydrophobic peptides (Aβ peptides) that accumulate extracellularly and an hyperphosphorylated form of a microtubule-associated protein named Tau that occurs intracellularly in neurons [17, 49].