Notably, IFITM3 is among the most highly induced genes in primary human lung epithelial cells exposed to SARS-CoV-2 [83, 84], and humans experiencing mild or moderative COVID-19 showed elevated induction of antiviral genes, including IFITM1 and IFITM3, in airway epithelium compared to individuals suffering from more severe COVID-19 [85]. Here, IFITM1 is linked to COVID-19.